Research article
Fatima al-Fihri: what the sources actually say
Popular accounts call her the founder of the world’s oldest university. The whole story rests on one fourteenth-century chronicle, written some 450 years after the events it describes.
We trace each claim to its source and separate what is established from what is tradition and what is legend.
Main source: Ibn Abī Zarʿ, Rawḍ al-Qirṭās (early 14th century). Every claim in the article is graded as established, traditional or disputed.